初中英语反意疑问句的知识点

时间:2024-07-12 19:27:06 秀雯 英语知识 我要投稿
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初中英语反意疑问句的知识点

  在我们上学期间,大家最不陌生的就是知识点吧!知识点是传递信息的基本单位,知识点对提高学习导航具有重要的作用。还在苦恼没有知识点总结吗?下面是小编为大家收集的初中英语反意疑问句的知识点,仅供参考,希望能够帮助到大家。

初中英语反意疑问句的知识点

  反意疑问句:

  表示提问人的看法,没有把握,需要对方证实。

  反意疑问句由两部分组成:前一部分是一个陈述句,后一部分是一个简短的疑问句,两部分的人称时态应保持一致。

  1. 陈述部分肯定式+疑问部分否定式可记为前肯后否。

  2. 陈述部分否定式+疑问部分肯定式可记为前否后肯。

  例如:This pencil is red, isn’t it? Yes, it is. / No, it isn’t.

  This pencil isn’t red, is it? Yes, it is. / No, it isn’t.

  速记:

  前肯后否,前否后肯,前be后be,前无be后加助,时态一致。

  反意疑问句的回答:

  前肯后否,前否后肯,根据事实从后往前翻译。如:

  (1)They work hard,don’t they?他们努力工作,不是吗?

  Yes, they do.对,他们工作努力。/No, they dont.不,他们工作不努力

  (2)They don’t work hard, do they? 他们不太努力工作,是吗?

  Yes, they do. 不,他们工作努力。/No, they dont. 是的, 他们工作不努力

  否定反义疑问句的回答

  当陈述部分为肯定式,反义疑问句为否定式时,其回答一般不会造成困难,一般只需照情况回答即可:

  "It’s new, isn’t it?" "Yes, it is." “是新的,不是吗?”“是,是新的。”

  "He wants to go, doesn’t he?" "No, he doesn’t." “他想去,不是吗?”“不,他不想去。”

  此时,"Yes"即是,对前面"Its new."的肯定。

  回答反义疑问句的原则

  回答反意疑问句通常应根据实际情况来确定,

  如有人问你You are asleep, aren’t you? 你应回答No, I’m not. 因为既然你能回答,肯定你还没有asleep。

  但如果别人问你 You aren’t asleep, are you?(你还没有睡着,对吗),你也只能回答No, I’m not.(是的,还没有睡着),而不能回答为Yes, I’m not. 也不能回答成 Yes, I am.

  “It is a beautiful flower,isnt it?” “It isnt a beautiful flower,is it?”

  上述两句句子的回答肯定均为“Yes,it is."否定为“No,it isnt."

  由上述例子可知,反义疑问句回答与句子本身所包含的中文肯定与否的含义并无太大关联,只需注意事实,肯定即用yes,否定用no,无需考虑句子原本是前否后肯或是前肯后否。

  口诀:

  反意疑问并不难,陈述疑问句中含。

  前后肯否恰相反,否定词缀不能算。

  主谓时态要一致,特殊情况记心田。

  实际情况来回答,再把yes和no拣。

  综上所述,反义疑问句回答就是按实际情况回答。

  对反意疑问句的回答,无论问题的提法如何,如果事实是肯定的,就用yes,事实是否定的,就要用no。

  要特别注意陈述句部分是否定结构,反意疑问句部分用肯定式提问时,回答yes或no与汉语正好相反。这种省略回答的yes要译成“不”,no要译成“是”。

  例:

  ?He likes playing football, doesn’t he? 他喜欢踢足球,不是吗?

  ?Yes, he does. / No, he doesn’t. 是的。/ 不是。

  ?His sister didn’t attend the meeting, did she? 他妹妹没有参加会议,是吗?

  ?Yes, she did. / No, she didn’t. 不,她参加了。/ 是的,她没参加。

  快速记忆表:

  陈述部分的谓语 疑问部分

  I/主语 arent I / are I

  no,nothing,nobody,never,few, seldom, hardly,rarely, little等否定含义的词 肯定含义

  含有un-,in-.dis-,im-等否定意义的前缀构成的词语时,视为肯定含义 否定含义

  ought to(肯定的) shouldnt/ oughtnt +主语

  have to+v.(had to+v.) dont +主语(didnt +主语)

  used to+v. didnt +主语或 usednt +主语

  had better + v. hadnt you

  would rather + v. wouldnt +主语

  youd like to + v. wouldnt +主语

  must 根据实际情况而定

  感叹句 be +主语

  指示代词或不定代词everything,that,nothing,this 主语用it

  并列复合句 谓语根据邻近从句的谓语而定

  定语从句,宾语从句主从复合句 根据主句的谓语而定

  think,believe,expect,suppose,imagine等引导 与宾语从句相对应的从句

  everybody,anyone,somebody,nobody,no one 复数they, 单数he

  情态动词dare或need need/neednt (dare/darent ) +主语

  dare, need 为实义动词 do/dont +主语

  省去主语的祈使句 will/wont you?

  Lets 开头的祈使句 Shall we?

  Let us 开头的祈使句 Will you?

  there be 相应的谓语动词+there(省略主语代词)

  否定前缀不能视为否定词 仍用否定形式.

  反意疑问句19条:

  1) 陈述部分的主语是I,疑问部分要用 arent I.

  Im as tall as your sister,arent I?

  2) 陈述部分的谓语是wish,疑问部分要用may +主语。

  I wish to have a word with you, may I?

  3) 陈述部分用 no, nothing, nobody, never, few, seldom, hardly, rarely, little等否定含义的词时,疑问部分用肯定含义。

  The Swede made no answer, did he / she?

  Some plants never blown (开花), do they ?

  4) 含有ought to 的反意疑问句,陈述部分是肯定的,疑问部分用shouldnt / oughtnt +主语。

  He ought to know what to do, oughtnt he? / shouldnt he?

  5) 陈述部分有have to +v. (had to + v.),疑问部分常用dont +主语(didnt +主语)。

  We have to get there at eight tomorrow, dont we?

  6) 陈述部分的谓语是used to 时,疑问部分用didnt +主语或 usednt +主语。

  He used to take pictures there, didnt he? / usednt he?

  7) 陈述部分有had better + v. 疑问句部分用hadnt you?

  Youd better read it by yourself, hadnt you?

  8) 陈述部分有would rather +v.,疑问部分多用 wouldnt +主语。

  He would rather read it ten times than recite it, wouldnt he?

  9) 陈述部分有Youd like to +v. 疑问部分用wouldnt +主语。

  Youd like to go with me, wouldnt you?

  10) 陈述部分有must 的疑问句,疑问部分根据实际情况而定。

  He must be a doctor, isnt he?

  You must have studied English for three years, havent you? / didnt you?

  He must have finished it yesterday, didnt he?

  11) 感叹句中,疑问部分用用否定的助动词加sb/sth?如:

  1)What a fine day it is today!

  What a fine day it is today,isn“t it?

  2)How fast he runs!

  How fast he runs,doesn”t he?

  3)What a long time we have been waiting!

  What a long time we have been waiting ,haven“t we?

  12) 陈述部分由neither… nor, either… or 连接的并列主语时,疑问部分根据其实际逻辑意义而定。

  Neither you nor I am engineer, are we?

  13) 陈述部分主语是指示代词或不定代词everything, that, nothing, this, 疑问部分主语用it。

  Everything is ready, isnt it?

  14)陈述部分为主语从句或并列复合句,疑问部分有三种情况:

  a. 并列复合句疑问部分,谓语动词根据邻近从句的谓语而定。

  Mr. Smith had been to Beijing for several times, he should have been in China now, shouldnt he?

  b. 带有定语从句,宾语从句的主从复合句,疑问部分谓语根据主句的谓语而定:

  He is not the man who gave us a talk, is he?

  He said he wanted to visit Japan, didnt he?

  c. 上述部分主句谓语是think, believe, expect, suppose, imagine等引导的定语从句,疑问部分与宾语从句相对应构成反意疑问句。

  I dont think he is bright, is he?

  We believe she can do it better, cant she?

  15) 陈述部分主语是不定代词everybody, anyone, somebody, nobody, no one等,疑问部分常用复数they,有时也用单数he。

  Everyone knows the answer, dont they? (does he?)

  Nobody knows about it, do they? (does he?)

  16) 带情态动词dare或need的反意疑问句,疑问部分常用 need (dare ) +主语。

  We need not do it again, need we ?

  He dare not say so, dare you?

  当dare, need 为实义动词时,疑问部分用助动词do + 主语。

  She doesnt dare to go home alone, does she?

  17) 省去主语的祈使句的反意疑问句,疑问部分用will you。

  Dont do that again, will you?

  Go with me, will you / wont you ?

  注意: Lets 开头的祈使句,后用shall we?

  Let us 开头的祈使句,后用will you?

  Lets go and listen to the music, shall we?

  Let us wait for you in the reading-room, will you ?

  18) 陈述部分是"there be"结构的,疑问部分用there省略主语代词。

  There is something wrong with your watch, isnt there?

  There will not be any trouble, will there?

  19) 否定前缀不能视为否定词,其反意疑问句仍用否定形式。

  It is impossible, isnt it?

  He is not unkind to his classmates, is he?

  有些动词如:cost hurt hit put 等,它们的过去时与原型相同,在肯定句中一定要先弄清楚它们是什么时态.

  英语18种特殊的反意疑问句:

  1.祈使句。祈使句后一般加上will you或wont you构成反意疑问句,用will you 多表

  示“请求”,用wont you 多表示提醒对方注意。例如:

  Look at the blackboard, will you/ wont you?看黑板,好吗?

  Let 引导的祈使句有两种情况:

  1) Lets...后的反意疑问句用shall we或shant we。例如:

  Lets go home, shall we/ shant we? 回家吧,好吗?

  还可以用may I来表示征求对方的同意或许可。

  2) Let us/me...后的反意疑问句用will you或wont you。例如:

  Let me have a try, will you/wont you? 让我试一试,行吗?

  2. 感叹句。感叹句后加反意疑问句时,其反意疑问句需用be的一般现在时态的否定形式。 例如:

  What fine weather, isnt it? 多好的天气啊,是吧?

  3. 当陈述部分谓语动词是need, dare, used to,且这些词被用作实义动词时,其反意疑问 句需用do的适当形式。例如:

  He needs help, doesnt he? 他需要帮助,是吗?

  4. 陈述部分主、谓语是I am...时,反意疑问句用arent I 或amt I ,而不是am not I (可 用a m I not)。例如:

  Im working now, amt I? 我在工作,是吗?

  5. 陈述部分的主语是everything, nothing, anything或something 时,反意疑问句的主语应用代词it。例如:

  Something is wrong with my radio, isnt it? 我的收音机出毛病了,是吧?

  6. 陈述部分的主语是 everybody, everyone, anybody, anyone, somebody, someone, nobody, no one, none, neither 时, 其反意疑问句的主语需用复数代词they。 例如:

  Everyone is here, arent they? 大家都到了,是吗?

  No one knows about it, do they? 没有人知道这件事,对吗?

  7. 陈述部分的主语是指示代词this或that时,反意疑问句的主语用it,当陈述部分的主语是指示代词these或those时,其反意疑问句的主语用they。 例如:

  This is a plane, isnt it? 这是一架飞机,是吗?

  These are grapes,arent they? 这些是葡萄,是吗?

  8. 陈述部分的主语是不定代词one时,反意疑问句的主语可以用one,也可用you(美式英语用he)。例如:

  One should be ready to help others, shouldnt one? 每个人都应该乐于助人,是吧?

  9. 当陈述部分含有以下这些含有否定意义的词时:few, little, seldom,hardly, never, not, no, no one, nobody, nothing, none, neither等,其反意疑问句需用肯定结构。 例如:

  He is never late for school, is he? 他上学从不迟到,是吗?

  10. 当陈述部分所含的否定词是通过加前缀或后缀构成的,其后的反意疑问句依然用否定结构。例如:

  It is unfair, isnt it? 这不公平,是吧?

  11.含有否定含义的词在陈述部分作动词的宾语时,其反意疑问句用肯定结构,也可以用否定结构。例如:

  You got nothing from him, did you? 你从他那儿什么也没得到,是吗?

  12. 当陈述部分主语是从句、不定式(短语)、动词-ing形式时,反意疑问句的主语应该用it。 例如:

  What you need is more important, isnt it?你需要的东西更重要,是吧?

  13. 当陈述部分含I think (believe, suppose...)that... 结构时,其反意疑问句须与从句的主、谓语保持一致,注意主句的主语必须是第一人称。例如:

  I dont think he will come, will he? 我认为他不会来,对吗?

  14.have(has)不是表示“有”的意思,并在句中做谓语时,其反意疑问句的助动词要用do, does, did。例如:

  They had a meeting just now,didnt they? 他们刚才开了个会,是吗?

  15. 陈述部分有have to 时,其反意疑问句要用助动词的否定形式。例如:

  You have to water the vegetables every day, dont you?你每天都要浇菜,对吧?

  16. 陈述部分是there be句型时,其反意疑问句中要用there。例如:

  There was a hospital here, wasnt there? 过去这儿有家医院,是吗?

  17. 陈述部分有had better时,反意疑问句中要用hadnt。例如:

  We had better go to school at once, hadnt we? 我们现在最好马上去上学,好吗?

  18. 当陈述部分含有情态动词must时,我们便要分析一下must的含义。如果must 作“一定;要;必须”讲,反意疑问句须用mustnt或neednt;

  而当must作推测意义“一定 是;必定”讲时,反意疑问句则需根据must后的动词原形选用相应的形式。例如:

  He must work hard at physics, mustnt he? 他必须努力学物理,是吧?

  Tom must be at home,isnt he? 汤姆一定在家,是吧?

  初中英语反意疑问句语法

  反意疑问句是由两部分组成的,前一部分是对事物的陈述(即陈述句),后一部分是简短的提问(即简短疑问句),中间用逗号隔开。如果前一部分用肯定句,后一部分就用否定疑问句;如果前一部分用否定句,后一部分就用肯定疑问句。两部分的人称和时态要一致。其回答是用yes或no来表示。

  一、含be(is, are, was, were)动词的反意疑问句

  其句型是:句型1:主语+ be+其它,isn’t(aren’t, wasn’t, weren’t)+ 主语?

  句型2:主语+ be not+其它,is(are, was, were) + 主语?

  ① You are from America, aren’t you? Yes, I am. No, I’m not.

  ② It isn’t very cold today, is it? Yes, it is. No, it isn’t.

  ③ Tom was away yesterday, wasn’t he? Yes, he was. No, he wasn’t.

  ④ The Green weren’t at home last night, were they?

  Yes, they were. No, they weren’t.

  ⑤ Mary is reading English now, isn’t she? Yes, she is. No, she isn’t.

  ⑥ Your parents aren’t going to have a party this Sunday, are they?

  Yes, they are. No, they aren’t.

  ⑦ The girls were singing when the teacher came in, weren’t they?

  Yes, they were. No, they weren’t.

  注意:There be句型

  ① There is an old picture on the wall, isn’t there?

  Yes, there is. No, there isn’t.

  ② There aren’t any children in the room, are there?

  Yes, there are. No, there aren’t.

  ③ There wasn’t a telephone call for me, was there?

  Yes, there was. No, there wasn’t.

  ④ There were enough people to pick apples, weren’t there?

  Yes, there were. No there weren’t.

  二、行为动词的一般现在时的反意疑问句

  其句型是:句型1: 主语+动词原形+其它,don’t I(you, we, they)?

  句型2: 主语+ don’t+动词原形+其它,do I(you, we, they)?

  句型3: 主语+动词第三人称单数+其它,doesn’t he(she, it)?

  句型4: 主语+ doesn’t+动词原形+其它,does he(she, it)?

  ① You often watch TV in the evening, don’t you? Yes, I do. No, I don’t.

  ② The students don’t study hard, do they? Yes, they do. No, they don’t.

  ③ Mary studies Chinese hard, doesn’t she? Yes, she does. No, she doesn’t.

  ④ The boy doesn’t often go to school by bike, does he?

  Yes, he does. No, he doesn’t.

  ⑤ The first class begins at eight, doesn’t it? Yes, it does. No, it doesn’t.

  三、 行为动词的一般过去时的反意疑问句

  其句型是:句型1: 主语+动词过去式+其它,didn’t+主语?

  句型2: 主语+didn’t+动词原形+其它,did +主语?

  ① You watched TV last night, didn’t you? Yes, I did. No, I didn’t.

  ② Jim’s parents didn’t go to Hong Kong last month, did they?

  Yes, they did. No, they didn’t.

  ③ The rain stopped, didn’t it? Yes, it did. No, it didn’t.

  ④ Mr. Clarke didn’t buy a car, didn’t he? Yes, he did. No, he didn’t.

  四、一般将来时的反意疑问句

  其句型是:句型1: 主语+will+动词原形+其它,won’t+主语?

  句型2: 主语+ won’t +动词原形+其它,will +主语?

  ① The boys will play games, won’t they? Yes, they will. No, they won’t.

  ② It won’t stop raining, will it? Yes, it will. No, it won’t.

  ③ Mr. Smith will visit our school next week, won’t he? Yes, he will. No, he won’t.

  注意:There be句型的一般将来时

  ① There will be a basketball match tomorrow, won’t there?

  Yes, there will. No, there won’t.

  ② There won’t be too much pollution in the future, will there?

  Yes, there will. No, there won’t.

  五、现在完成时的反意疑问句

  其句型是:句型1: 主语+have+动词过去分词+其它,haven’t+主语?

  句型2: 主语+ haven’t +动词过去分词+其它,have +主语?

  句型3: 主语+has+动词过去分词+其它,hasn’t+主语?

  句型4: 主语+ hasn’t +动词过去分词+其它,has +主语?

  ① You have been to Shanghai before, haven’t you? Yes I have. No, I haven’t.

  ② You haven’t been to Shanghai before, have you? Yes I have. No, I haven’t.

  ③ Jack has done his homework, hasn’t he? Yes, he has. No, he hasn’t.

  ④ Jack hasn’t done his homework, has he? Yes, he has. No, he hasn’t.

  六、现在完成进行时的反意疑问句

  其句型是:句型1: 主语+have been+动词现在分词+其它,haven’t+主语?

  句型2: 主语+ haven’t been +动词现在分词+其它,have +主语?

  句型3: 主语+has been +动词现在分词+其它,hasn’t+主语?

  句型4: 主语+ hasn’t been +动词现在分词+其它,has +主语?

  ① You have been skating for five hours, haven’t you? Yes, I have. No, I haven’t.

  ② You haven’t been skating for five hours, have you? Yes, I have. No, I haven’t.

  ③ Bob has been collecting kites since 1999, hasn’t he? Yes, he has. No, he hasn’t.

  ④ Bob hasn’t been collecting kites since 1999, has he? Yes, he has. No, he hasn’t.

  七、含有情态动词的反意疑问句

  其句型是:句型1: 主语+情态动词+动词原形+其它,情态动词否定形式+主语?

  句型2: 主语+情态动词否定形式+动词原形+其它,情态动词+主语?

  ① You can speak French, can’t you? Yes, I can. No, I can’t.

  ② They can’t understand me, can they? Yes, they can. No, they can’t.

  ③ Ann could swim when she was six, couldn’t she? Yes, she could. No, she couldn’t.

  ④ The students must study hard, mustn’t they? Yes, they must. No, they needn’t.

  注意:You must go home now, needn’t you? Yes, I must. No, I needn’t.

  值得注意的是有时英语的谓语动词并不用否定式(即没加上not),

  而是用上了never, little, few, hardly, nothing, nobody等词,这时该陈述句也属于否定句,因此,反意疑问句的后半部分应用肯定疑问式。

  ① You have never been to Beijing, have you? Yes, I have. No, I haven’t.

  ② Mr. Fat has few friends here, does he? Yes, he does. No, he doesn’t.

  ③ There is little milk in the bottle, is there? Yes, there is. No, there isn’t.

  ④ He could do nothing, could he? Yes, he could. No, he couldn’t.

  八、祈使句用于反意疑问句中

  这种类型较特殊,前一部分是祈使句,后一部分是肯定疑问形式。回答也较灵活。

  句型1: Let me+动词原形+其它,shall I?

  Let me open the door, shall I?

  Yes, please. No, thanks.

  句型2: Let’s+动词原形+其它,shall we?

  Let’s go for a walk, shall we? Good idea! Sorry, I can’t.

  句型3: 其它形式的祈使句,will you?

  Come into the classroom, will you? OK.

  Please be careful, will you?

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