英语六种时态的知识点总结

时间:2025-01-23 12:00:43 秀雯 英语知识 我要投稿
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英语六种常用时态的知识点总结

  上学期间,说到知识点,大家是不是都习惯性的重视?知识点就是“让别人看完能理解”或者“通过练习我能掌握”的内容。还在为没有系统的知识点而发愁吗?以下是小编为大家收集的英语六种常用时态的知识点总结,仅供参考,希望能够帮助到大家。

英语六种常用时态的知识点总结

  一般现在时 (be;do/does)

  1.概念:表示现在发生的动作、情况、状态和特征。经常性、习惯性动作。

  标志词:often, sometimes, usually, always, occasionally等和时间状语如 in the evening, at night, twice a month, on Sundays, every day/week/month/year,等。

  用法:

  (1).客观事实和普遍真理。

  The earth runs around the sun.

  (2)表示一个按规定、计划或安排要发生的动作,(仅限于某些表示“来、去、动 、停、开始、结束、继续”等的动词 )可以与表示未来时间的状语搭配使用 。常见的用法是:飞机、火车、轮船、汽车等定期定点运行的交通方式。

  The next train leaves at 3 oclock this afternoon.

  下一趟火车今天下午3点开车。

  How often does this shuttle bus run?

  这班车多久一趟?

  (3)在由 when, after, before, until, till, as soon as,等引导的时间状语从句或由if, so/as long as, once, even if, although, whether…or…, in case, whatever, whenever, wherever 等引导的条件状语从句中,通常用一般现在时代替一般将来时(主将从现)。

  When you have finished the report, I will have waited for about 3 hours.

  等你完成这份报告的时候,我就已经等了将近3个小时了。

  一般过去时

  1.概念:表示过去某个时间发生的动作或情况。

  2.标志词:yesterday, last year, last night, the other day, just now, then, two days ago, in , at that time等。(有时句子中虽然不含表示过去时间的状语,但根据语境可判断动作或状态已经发生,而且与现在没有任何联系,也需用一般过去时。)

  一般将来时(will / shall do)

  用法:1.be going to do:打算去……,要……

  This is just what I am going to say.

  这正是我想说的。

  2.be about to do:即将、正要,强调近期内或马上要做的事。

  例:Dont worry, I am about to make a close examination on you.

  别担心,我马上就给你做一次仔细的检查。

  3."be to do":按计划、安排即将发生某事或打算做某事。 (客观安排,人为安排)

  例:She is to be seen in the lab on Monday.

  星期一你准会在实验室见到她。

  5) 有些动词,如:arrive, be close, come, do, done, go, have, leave, open, play, return, sleep, start, stay等,用于一般进行时,并且通常与一个表示将来时间的时间状语连用,可以表示将来时。 例:My mother is coming to visit me next week.(我妈妈下周将来看我。)

  现在进行时(be doing)

  概念:现在正在进行的动作。

  标志词:now, at this moment, look, listen,

  过去进行时(was/ were doing)

  概念:强调在将来的某个具体时间正在发生的动作或事情。

  例:Dont worry, you wont miss her. She will be wearing a red T-shirt and a white skirt at that time.

  别担心,你不会认不出她的。她到时会穿一件红色的T恤衫和一条白色的短裙。

  注意事项:由于本时态是由将来时和进行时融合在一起的,所以关于本时态的注意事项,可参考"一般将来时"和"现在进行时"的有关注意事项。

  现在完成时(have done)

  概念:

  1.表示某动作发生在过去,强调其对现在的影响。此时用短暂性动词。标志词:already, just, yet, never, before,

  2. 表示某动作从过去某时刻开始,持续到现在。此时用延续性动词。标志词:lately, recently, in the past/last few days/years, since then, up to now, so far; since+时间点;for+时间段;

  时态习题:

  1. While we __________ (wait) for the bus, a girl __________ (run) up to us.

  2. I __________ (telephone) a friend when Bob __________ (come) in.

  3. Jim __________ (jump) on the bus as it __________ (move) away.

  4. We __________ (test) the new machine when the electricity __________ (go) off.

  5. She __________ (not want) to stay in bed while the others ________________ (all, work) in the fields.

  6. While mother ________ (put) Cathy to bed, the door bell ________ (ring).

  7. As I __________ (walk) in the park, it __________ (begin) to rain.

  8. Even when she ___________ (be) a child she ________________ (already, think) of becoming a ballerina (芭蕾舞演员).

  常用时态的被动语态英语知识点

  由“助动词be + 动词的过去分词”构成。助动词be 有时态、人称和数的变化。

  (1) 一般现在时:am/is/are +过去分词。如:

  Rice is grown in south China. 华南种植水稻。

  (2) 一般过去时:was/were+过去分词。如:

  The glass was broken yesterday. 这块玻璃是昨天打烂的。

  (3) 现在进行时:am/is/are being +过去分词。如:

  The project is being carried out. 这个计划正在执行中。

  (4) 过去进行时:was/were/being +过去分词。如:

  This road was being built this time last year. 这条路去年这个时候还在修建。

  (5) 一般将来时:will be +过去分词。如:

  The cars will be sent abroad by sea. 这些汽车将由水路运往国外。

  (6) 过去将来时:would be +过去分词。如:

  The manager said the project would be completed by the end of the year. 经理说这个工程在年底前将会完成。

  (7) 现在完成时:have/has been +过去分词。如:

  This novel has been translated into several languages. 这本小说已被译成了几种语言。

  (8) 过去完在时:had been +过去分词。如:

  When I got to the theatre, I found the tickets had already been sold out. 我到达剧院时,发现票已卖完了。

  初中英语时态知识点

  过去进行的结构

  过去进行时由"was / were + 现在分词"构成。如:

  I was doing my lessons then. 那时,我在做功课。

  We were cleaning the house. 我们在打扫房子。

  过去将来时态的肯定句、否定句和疑问句形式:

  肯定句例句:I was walking down the street when a UFO landed.

  否定句例句:I wasnt walking down the street when a UFO landed.

  一般疑问句例句:Were you walking down the street when a UFO landed?

  特殊疑问句例句:What were you doing when a UFO landed?

  初中英语时态知识点:一般现在表过去的用法

  1.用于某些动词(tell, say, hear, learn, gather等)表示不确定的过去时间:

  John tells me you will leave tomorrow. 约翰告诉我你明天离开。

  I hear that he got married last month. 我听说他上个月结婚了。

  I hear you want a secretary. 我听说你需要一个秘书。

  He says the matter is rather urgent. 他说这事相当紧急。

  Mary says you told her to come over here. 玛丽说是你让她到这儿来的。

  It really gets me when he says those stupid things. 他说那些傻话真让我生气。

  2.当要陈述一个客观事实时,有时即使有过去时间状语也可用一般现在时:

  The story is set in the summer of 1937. 故事的背景是1937年夏天。

  The story begins in the year 1937. 故事开始于1937年。

  运用现在进行时常见的几个错误

  1、把动词变成现在分词形式易出错。例:

  (1)误:They are swiming (swim) .

  正:They are swimming (swim).

  (2)误:Jenny is plaiing (play) football.

  正:Jenny is playing (play) football.

  解析:A、动词变现在分词可有如下口诀:一般-ing;哑e先去e;重闭单辅先双写;-ie结尾y来替。

  B、动词现在分词的变化规则要与名词变复数、动词变现单三等规则区分开来。

  2、谓语部分的构成不完整:丢掉be动词,或忘记把动词变成现在分词。例:

  (1)误:Look! Two children flying (fly) a kite in the park.

  正:Look!Two children are flying (fly) a kite in the park.

  (2)误:Li Ming isnt read ( not read) a book in bed now.

  正:Li Ming isnt reading ( not read) a book in bed now.

  解析:现在进行时的谓语部分的构成是"be+现在分词",二者缺一不可,这一点必须要牢记。

  3、对动词或动词词组提问时,丢掉代动词doing。例:

  The students are singing in the room.(对划线部分提问)

  →误:What are the students in the room?

  →正:What are the students doing in the room?

  解析:现在进行时态中对动作提问可记住此句式"What +be +主语+doing+其它?"或简写为"What......doing......? "句式。

  4、现在进行时态的谓语部分是并列结构时,容易忽视第二个以及第二个以后的动词用现在分词形式。例:

  孩子们在跑还是在跳?

  误:Are the children running or jump?

  正:Are the children running or jumping?

  解析: or连接的是两个并列成分,动词形式须一致。

  现在进行时的三种句式结构

  现在进行时在句式的变化上,都应在助动词be上做文章。

  1、 肯定式:be(am, is, are)+ Ving(现在分词) 如:

  They are having an English class. 他们在上英语课。

  2、 否定式:be(am, is, are) + not + Ving(现在分词) 如:

  They arent having an English class. 他们不在上英语课。

  3、 疑问式:将be的具体形式(即am, is或are)提前到句首。如:

  Are they having an English class? 他们在上英语课吗?

  助动词变化口诀:变疑问,往前提,句后问号莫丢弃;变否定,更容易,be后not 莫忘记。

  初中英语时态知识点:现在进行时结构

  现在进行时的结构

  现在进行时由“am / is / are + 现在分词”构成。如:

  I’m studying at Yu Cai Senior Middle school. 我在育才中学读书。

  He is writing on the desk. 他再课桌上写字。

  They are talking about their visiting the Great Wall. 他们在谈论游长城的事情。

  【说明】动词现在分词的构成方法:

  (1) 一般在动词后加-ing。如:say—saying, play—playing, think—thinking, study—studying, teach —teaching, blow—blowing, build—building.

  (2) 动词若以-e结尾, 则去e再加-ing。如:love—loving, make—making, guide—guiding, date—dating.

  (3) 在以单短元音的重读闭音节结尾,且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词后,双写最后一个辅音字母,再加-ing。如:begin—beginning, regret—regretting, plan—planning, ban — banning.

  (4) 在以ie结尾的动词后,改ie为y,再加-ing。如:lie—lying, die—dying, tie—tying.

  (5) 在以-c[k] 结尾的动词后加-king。如:picnic—picnicking, panic—panicking.

  现在进行时的应用

  现在进行时的应用

  (1) 表示目前正在发生或进行的动作。如:

  They are planting trees on the mountain. 他们在山上植树。

  Mother is preparing supper in the kitchen. 母亲在厨房做晚饭。

  (2) 有些非持续性动词的进行时可以表示动作即将进行或发生,或表示动作的重复。如:

  He is joining the army. 他要参军了。

  They are buying the house. 他们要买那座房子。

  (3) 当现在进行时中有always, forever, constantly, continually修饰时,表示说话人的赞赏或厌烦的感情。如:

  Why is the baby always crying? 为什么那个老是在哭。

  They are always helping us. 他们总是帮助我们。

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