2017年考研英语阅读理解题解答步骤说明
阅读理解是考研英语的重头戏，所占分值最大，甚至有 “得阅读者得天下”一说。下面分享考研英语阅读理解细节题解题技巧，希望能帮助大家更好的学习!
一、细节题
【解题方法】题干+选项精确定位法
【解题步骤】
1. 找题干关键词，精确定位到文章(题干的关键词一般会定位到文章的某句或者相连的`两句中)
2. 将所选答案精确定位到文章
【例题】2012年Text1
22. Rosenberg holds that public-health advocates should _________.
[A] recruit professional advertisers
[B] learn from advertisers' experience
[C] stay away from commercial advertisers
[D] recognize the limitations of advertisements
The idea seems promising，and Rosenberg is a perceptive observer. Her critique of the lameness of many public-health campaigns is spot-on: they fail to mobilize peer pressure for healthy habits, and they demonstrate a seriously flawed understanding of psychology. "Dare to be different, please don't smoke!" pleads one billboard campaign aimed at reducing smoking among teenagers-teenagers, who desire nothing more than fitting in. Rosenberg argues convincingly that public-health advocates ought to take a page from advertisers, so skilled at applying peer pressure.
【解题步骤应用】
1 题干定位：段落的最后一句
Rosenberg--- Rosenberg
holds---argues
that---that
public-health advocates--- public-health advocates
should---ought to
因此，答案定位在take a page from advertisers, so skilled at applying peer pressure.
2 选项定位
答案[B] learn from advertisers' experience
learn from---take a page from 表"学习"。
experience---skilled 表示"有经验的，很娴熟的"。
二、主旨题
【解题方法】：1.串线法 2.主题词复现法 3.框架法
【解题步骤】
1. 找出段落中心句或者主题词
2. 串联各段段落中心句，合并同类项，即可得出全文主旨
【例题】2008年Text 1
25. Which of the following would be the best title for the text?
[A] Strain of Stress: No Way Out?
[B] Responses to Stress: Gender Difference
[C] Stress Analysis: What Chemicals Say?
[D] Gender Inequality: Women Under Stress
While still catching up to men in some spheres of modern life, women appear to be way ahead in at least one undesirable category. "Women are particularly susceptible to developing depression and anxiety disorders in response to stress compared to men," according to Dr. Yehuda, chief psychiatrist at New York's Veteran's Administration Hospital.
Studies of both animals and humans have shown that sex hormones somehow affect the stress response, causing females under stress to produce more of the trigger chemicals than do males under the same conditions. In several of the studies, when stressed-out female rats had their ovaries (the female reproductive organs) removed, their chemical responses became equal to those of the males.
Adding to a woman's increased dose of stress chemicals, are her increased "opportunities" for stress. "It's not necessarily that women don't cope as well. It's just that they have so much more to cope with," says Dr. Yehuda. "Their capacity for tolerating stress may even be greater than men's," she observes, "it's just that they're dealing with so many more things that they become worn out from it more visibly and sooner."
Dr. Yehuda notes another difference between the sexes. "I think that the kinds of things that women are exposed to tend to be in more of a chronic or repeated nature. Men go to war and are exposed to combat stress. Men are exposed to more acts of random physical violence. The kinds of interpersonal violence that women are exposed to tend to be in domestic situations, by, unfortunately, parents or other family members, and they tend not to be one-shot deals. The wear-and-tear that comes from these longer relationships can be quite devastating."
Adeline Alvarez married at 18 and gave birth to a son, but was determined to finish college. "I struggled a lot to get the college degree. I was living in so much frustration that that was my escape, to go to school, and get ahead and do better." Later, her marriage ended and she became a single mother. "It's the hardest thing to take care of a teenager, have a job, pay the rent, pay the car payment, and pay the debt. I lived from paycheck to paycheck."
Not everyone experiences the kinds of severe chronic stresses Alvarez describes. But most women today are coping with a lot of obligations, with few breaks, and feeling the strain. Alvarez's experience demonstrates the importance of finding ways to diffuse stress before it threatens your health and your ability to function.
【解题步骤应用】
1. 总结每段中心
Para1 女性比男性压力大
Para2 从生物角度而言，女性比男性压力大
Para3 现实中，女性比男性压力大
Para4 女性和男性面对的压力的不同特点
Para5 举例论证女性压力的特点
Para6 女性压力的现状及应对建议
2.合并同类项，即可得出全文主旨
Para1 women men stress
Para2 women men stress
Para3 women men stress
Para4 women men stress
Para5 women stress
Para6 women stress
Para1-Para4 women men stress(两性压力不平等)
Para5-Para6 women stress(压力下的女性)
正确答案[D] Gender Inequality: Women Under Stress
三、词汇题
【解题方法】：1. 构词法猜词 2.语法猜词
【解题步骤】
1. 拆分词词根词缀
2. 联系上下文语法猜词
【例题】2011年Text1
22. Tommasini regards Gilbert as an artist who is
[A]influential. [B]modest. [C]respectable. [D]talented.
One of the reasons why the appointment came as such a surprise, however, is that Gilbert is comparatively little known. Even Tommasini, who had advocated Gilbert's appointment in the Times, calls him "an unpretentious musician with no air of the formidable conductor about him." As a description of the next music director of an orchestra that has hitherto been led by musicians like Gustav Mahler and Pierre Boulez, that seems likely to have struck at least some Times readers as faint praise.
【解题步骤】
第一步：本题表面是细节题，定位为题干：Tommasini 文章：Tommasini
regards…as… call…(as)…
Gilbert him
an an
artist musician
who is unpretentious
第二步：本题转化为猜词题
词根词缀猜词：un+pretent+ious，其中pretent是pretend(假装)的词根，单词的表面意思是"不假装的"，意思就是"谦虚的，低调的"，因此选B。
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