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复合句中同位语从句的用法汇总
同位语从句指的是在复合句中充当同位语的从句，属于名词性从句的范畴，同位语从句用来对其前面的抽象名词进行解释说明，被解释说明的词和同位语在逻辑上是主表关系下面是小编为您收集整理的复合句中同位语从句的用法，欢迎阅读!
复合句中同位语从句的用法1
1. that引导同位语从句
在下列名词后可用that引导同位语从句answer, belief, doubt, fact, hope, idea, information, knowledge, law, news, opinion, plan, suggestion, thought, truth等。
I had no idea that you were here.
The story goes that William killed his wife.
He always works hard in spite of the fact that he is not in good health.
Suddenly the thought came to me that he would go blind.
注意：
①位语从句引导词that无含义，不充当成分，不可省略。
②同位语从句与其说明的名词或代词为同一内容，故可以用is把前边的.中心词和从句连接成一个句子。
③同位语从句前一般没有逗号。
that引导同位语从句与引导定语从句的区别：that引导同位语从句时只起连接作用，不充当任何成分;that引导定语从句时，在从句中要作成分，如主语、宾语等。
①He told me the news that our team won.(that引导同位语从句)
②The news that / which he told me was very exciting.(that引导定语从句，在从句中作宾语)
2. 在no idea, question, problem等后可用wh-疑问词引导同位语从句，if不引导同位语从句
I have no idea where he has gone.
I have no idea what he said.
3. 引导名词性从句时what与whatever, who与whoever的区别
what 与whatever：
What you want has been sent here.(what = the thing(s) that/all that/anything that特指)
Whatever you want makes no difference to me.(whatever = anything that泛指)
What caused the accident was a broken bottle.(特指)
Whatever caused the accident has not yet been found.(泛指)
who 与whoever：
Who will go to Beijing on business has not been decided.(who表疑问，表示“谁”，“哪一个”)
Whoever breaks the law should be punished.(whoever = anyone who，表示“无论哪个人”)
4. 同位语从句注意与定语从句区别
同位语从句对前一名词做补充说明，在从句中无语法位置，而定语从句所修饰词在从句中占一语法位置如：
The idea that one can do the work without thinking is wrong.(同位idea在从句中无位置，而从句只是具体说明idea的内容)
The idea that you put forward at the meeting is wrong.(定语从句，idea做put forward 的宾语)
复合句中同位语从句的用法2
在复合句中充当同位语的名词性从句称为同位语从句。同位语从句是名词性从句（主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句）中的主要从句之一，也是中学英语学习中的重点语法知识点之一。在使用同位语从句时，应注意以下五个方面：
一、同位语从句在句中的位置
1. 一般情况下同位语从句跟在某些名词（如news，idea，fact，promise，hope，message等）的.后面，用以说明该名词所表达的具体内容。例如：
The news that our women volleyball team had won the championship encouraged us all greatly. 我们女排赢得冠军的消息大大地鼓舞了我们所有人。
I've come from Mr Wang with a message that he won't be able to see you this afternoon. 我从王先生那边得知一个消息，他说他今天下午不能来看你了。
2. 有时同位语从句可以不紧跟在它所说明的名词后，而被别的词语隔开，在语法上叫做分隔式同位语从句。例如：
The thought came to her that maybe she had left the door open when she left home. 她突然想起可能在她离开家时没把门关上。
The story goes that he failed in the College Entrance Examinations again. 据说他高考又落榜了。
复合句中同位语从句的用法3
同位语从句和定语从句很相似,相似之处在于都是修饰的前面一个名词;但还是有区别的,区别主要在以下三方面:
定语从句同位语从区别：
1.从词类上区别同位语从句前面的名词只能是idea,fact,news,hope,belief,suggestion,proposal,word,thought,doubt,truth,possibility,promise,order等有一定内涵的名词。而定语从句的先行词可以是名词，代词。主句的一部分或是整个主句。如:
The possibility that the majority of the labour force will work at home is often discussed. (同位语从句)
We are not looking into the question whether he is worth trusting.(同位语从句)
Word came that he had been abroad. (同位语从句)
Our team has won the game, which made us very happy.我们的队赢了,这让我们很高兴。(定语从句)
The doctor whom you are looking for is in the room.你找的那位医生在房间里面。(定语从句)
His mother did all she could to help him with his study.他妈妈尽她的最大努力帮助他的学习(定语从句,代词all作先行词。)
2. 从性质上区别定语从句是从句对其先行词的修饰或限制,属于形容词性从句的范畴;而同位语从句是从句对前面抽象名词的.进一步的说明和解释,属于名词性从句的范畴。如:
The news that our team has won the game was true. 我们队赢了那场比赛的消息是真的?(同位语从句,补充说明news到底是一个什么消息。)
The news that he told me yesterday was true. 昨天他告诉我的那个消息是真的。(定语从句,news在从句中作told的宾语。)
I made a promise that if anyone set me free I would make him very rich. 我许诺如果谁让我自由,我就让他非常富有。(同位语从句,补充说明promise到底是一个什么诺言。)
The mother made a promise that pleased all her children. 妈妈做出了一个令她的孩子们高兴的许诺?(定语从句,promise在从句中作pleased的主语。)
3. 从引导词及其在句子中的成分上区别有些引导词如how, whether, what可以引导同位语从句,但不能引导定语从句。如:
That question whether we need it has not been considered. 我们是否需要它这个问题还没有考虑。(同位语从句)
I have no idea what has happened to him. 我不知道他发生了什么事。(同位语从句)
引导词that引导定语从句时,在从句中一般作主语或宾语(指物时还可以用which代替),并且作宾语时常常省略?that在同位语从句中仅起连接作用,不充当任何成分,并且不能省略,也不能用which来代替。如:
The order that we should send a few people to help the other groups was received yesterday. 我们应派几个人去帮别的几个小组的命令昨天收到了。(同位语从句,是对order的具体解释,that虽不作成分,但不能省略。)
The order that we received yesterday was that we should send a few people to help the other groups. 我们昨天收到的命令是我们应该派几个人去帮助别的几个小组。(定语从句,是名词order的修饰语,that在从句中作received的宾语,可以省略。)
同位语从句练习(含答案)：
1. The fact ____ she works hard is well known to us all.
A. that B. what C. why D. which
2. The fact ____ he was successful proves his ability.
A. that B. what C. which D. why
3. The news ____ he was kidnapped surprised us greatly.
A. what B. that C. why D. when
4. His suggestion ____ the meeting be delayed was turned down.
A. which B. that C./ D. it
5. I have no idea ____ he will start.
A. when B. that C. what D./
6. I’ve come from the government with a message ____ the meeting won't be held tomorrow.
A. if B. that C. whether D. which
7. The thought ____ he might fail in the exam worried him.
A. when B. which C. what D. that
8. The order ____ the prisoner be set free arrived too late.
A. which B. whether C. that D. what
9. The nurses are trying their best to reduce the patient's fear ____ he would die of the disease.
A. that B. as C. of which D. which
10. He often asked me the question ____ the work was worth doing.
A. whether B. where C. that D. when
11. Along with the letter was his promise ____ he would visit me this coming Christmas.
A. which B. that C. what D. whether
12. The other day, my brother drove his car down the street at ____ I thought was a dangerous speed.
A. as B. which C. what D. that
13. Luckily, we’d brought a road map without ____ we would have lost our way.
A. it B. that C. this D. which
14. There are signs ____ restaurants are becoming more popular with families.
A. that B. which C. in which D. whose
15. We can see the same signs ____ stand out throughout the city.
A. that B. which C. in which D. whose
Keys：
1-5 AABBA 6-10 BDCAA 11-15 BBDAA
复合句中同位语从句的用法4
（一）定语从句解析
定语从句，一个简单句跟在一名词或代词后（先行词）进行修饰限定，就叫做定语从句。在主句中充当定语成分。[1]被修饰的词叫先行词。定语从句不同于单词作定语的情况，它通常只能放在被修饰的词（即先行词）之后。
定语 从句由关系词（关系代词、关系副词）引导，关系代词、关系副词位于定语从句句首。
定义
关系代词引导的定语从句
关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语 从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。
1）who, whom,that
这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中所起作用如下：
Is he the man who/that wants to see you?
他就是想见你的人吗？（who/that在从句中作主语） He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.
他就是我昨天见的那个人。（whom/that在从句中作宾语）
2) Whose 用来指人或物，(只用作定语, 若指物，它还可以同of which互换）, 例如：
They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。
Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green. 请递给我那本绿皮的书。
3）which, that
它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等，例如：
A prosperitywhich / thathad never been seen before appears in the countryside. 农村出现了前所未 有的繁荣。（which / that在句中作主语）
The packagewhich / thatyou are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了。(which / that 在句中作宾语）
关系副词引导的定语从句
关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。
1）when, where, why
关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于"介词+ which"结构，因此常常和"介词+ which"结构交替使用，例 如：
There are occasions when (on which) one must yield. 任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。
Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born.北京是我的出生地。
Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our offer? 这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗？
2）that代替关系副词
that可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代when, where, why和"介词+ which"引导的定语从 句，在非正式文体中that常被省略（正式文体中不可省略），例如：
His father died the year (that / when / in which) he was born. 他父亲在他出生那年逝世了。
He is unlikely to find the place (that / where / in which) he lived forty years ago. 他不大可能找到他四十 年前居住过的地方。
判断关系代词与关系副词
方法一： 用关系代词，还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语，就必须要 求用关系代词。例如：
（错） This is the mountain village where I visited last year.
（错） I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside.
（对） This is the mountain village (which) I visited last year.
（对） I'll never forget the days (which) I spent in the countryside.
习惯上总把表地点或时间的名词与关系副词 where, when联系在一起。此两题错在关系词的误用上。
方法二： 准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分(主、谓、宾、定、状)，也能正确选择出关系代词/关系 副词.先行词在从句中作主、定、宾语时，应选择关系代词；先行词在从句中作状语时，应选 择关系副词。
例如：（对）Is this the museum which you visited a few days ago?
（对）Is this the museum where the exhibition was held?
从句结构
定语从句公式
定语从句=先行词+关系词+从句
先行词
指被定语从句修饰的名词、代词或句子。
一般先行词出现在定语从句的前面。
关系词
关系词常有3个作用：
①连接作用，连接主句和定语从句。
②指代先行词。
③在定语从句中担当成分。
注：关系代词有主语、宾语、定语之分。一般who做主语或其宾格形式的whom做宾语(whom作宾语时可省略），whose作为定语（whose不可省略）。关系代词在从句中作主语，宾语，定语等，关系副词在从句中作地点状语（where），时间状语（when），原因状语（why）。
定语
定语用来限定、修饰名词或代词，是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语（动词不定式短语、动名词表示的）汉语中常用“……的”表示。主要由形容词担任，此外，名词、代词、数词、分词、副词、不定式以及介词短语也可以来担任，也可以由一个句子来担任。单词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的词之前，作前置定语。短语、从句作定语时则放在所修饰的词之后，作后置定语。
被定语从句修饰的名词、代词称为先行词。如“the girl”，“the book”
如:She is the girl who likes singing. 她就是那个喜欢唱歌的女孩。
这就是一个定语从句。
（二）同位语从句解析
同位语从句指的是在复合句中充当同位语的从句，属于名词性从句的范畴，同位语从句用来对其前面的抽象名词进行解释说明，被解释说明的词和同位语在逻辑上是主表关系。
用法
一个名词（或其它形式）对另一个名词或代词进行修饰，限定或说明，这个名词（或其它形式）就是同位语。
同位语与被它限定的词的`格式要一致，并常常紧挨在一起。
同位语从句即重复说明同一个称谓或事件的从句。
名词作同位语
Mr Wang,my child’s teacher,will be visiting us on Tuesday.
王先生，我孩子的老师，星期二要来看我们。
（在这里'my child's teacher'做同位语修饰'Mr Wang')
短语作同位语
I,the oldest girl in the family,always had to care for the other children.
我，作为家里最大的女孩，总是要照料家中的其他孩子。
直接引语作同位语
But now the question comes to their minds，“Did she die young because she was a clone?”
但是现在他们不得不思考这样的问题：“多莉早死是因为它是一只克隆羊吗？”
句子作同位语
The girls were surprised at the fact that ocean ships can sail up the Great lakes.
巨大的海轮可以开到五大湖，让表姐妹俩感到吃惊。
固定用法
同位语部分是个句子，就是同位语从句，这种用法比较"固定"
一、在复合句中用作同位语的从句叫同位语从句。它一般跟在某些名词后面，用以说明该名词表示的具体内容。
I heard the news that our team had won．
我听到了我们队获胜的消息。
二、可以跟同位语从句的名词通常有news，idea，fact，promise，question，doubt，thought，hope，message，suggestion，words（消息），possibility,decision等（一般的“抽象”名词都可用）。
I’ve come from Mr wang with a message that he won’t be able to see you this afternoon．
我从王先生那里来，他让我告诉你他今天下午不能来看你了。
三、英语中引导同位语从句的词通常有连词that，whether，连接代词what，who。连接副词how,when,where等。（注：if不能引导同位语从句。）
He must answer the question whether he agrees with it or not.
他必须回答他是否同意这样一个问题。
四、有时同位语从句可以不紧跟在说明的名词后面，而被别的词隔开。
The thought came to him that maybe the enemy had fled the city．
他突然想起敌人可能已经逃出城了。
复合句中同位语从句的用法5
同位语从句和定语从句从表面来看十分相似，但实质上是截然不同的两种从句：
(1)同位语从句所修饰的词是有限的一些抽象名词，而定语从句就没有这种限制。 同位语从句经常用于下列有限的几个词后： hope(希望)，idea(想法)， news(消息)， order(命令)， fact(事实)， question(问题)，reason(理由)，belief(相信)，doubt(怀疑)，evidence(根据)，conclusion(结论)，truth(真理)，result(结果)等。
(2)句法的功能不同。
同位语从句同它所修饰的名词在内容上是等同关系，在句中的语法作用处于同等地位。而定语从句说明前一名词的性质、特征，对先行词进行修饰、限制，是先行词不可缺少的定语。
(3)引导词that在同位语从句中不作句子成分;而在定语从句中必作句子成分，是从句所修饰的词的替代词。试比较：
The fact that the Chinese people invented the compass is known to all.中国人发明指南针这个事实是众所周知的。(同位语从句)
The fact that we talked about is very important.我们谈论的'这个事实很重要。(定语从句)
如何区别同位语从句和定语从句
同位语从句和定语从句在形式上基本相同，都是跟在名词或代词之后，且又常由that引导。但它们的句法的功能却是不同的，我们可以从三个方面来加以区别。
(1)根据that来区别。引导定语从句的that是关系代词，除了起连接主句和从句的作用外，还代替先行词在从句中充当一个成分。而且这个that还常可以用which来代替。引导同位语从句的that是个连词，只起连接主句和从句的作用，在从句中不充当任何成分，也不能用which来代替。例如：
The fact that(which) we talked about is very important.我们所谈论的那个事实很重要。(that在从句中作about的宾语)
The fact that he succeeded in the experiment pleased everybody.他实验成功这个事实使我们大家很高兴。(that只起连接作用)
再如：The news that you heard is true.你听到的消息是真的。(that在从句中作heard的宾语)
Here comes the news that some tourists from America will come to our village.消息传来，说一些美国旅游者要来我们村。(that只起连接作用)
(2)根据先行词来区别。
定语从句的先行词可以是人，也可以是具体事物或抽象概念。定语从句在复合同中相当于形容词，对这些先行词起修饰、描述或限制的作用。例如：
The moon is a satellite that goes around the earth.月亮是围绕地球运转的一颗卫星。
The few points that the president stressed in his report are very important.总统在报告里强调的几点确实很重要。
同位语所进一步说明的词则是抽象意义的概念，如：fact，result，discovery，news，hope，reason，proposal，thought等。同位语的作用相当于名词，对前面的名词给予补充说明或进一步解释。例如：
He has an idea that he can make the scientific instrument in a better way.他想到能用更好的方法制造这种科学仪器。(从句是idea的具体内容)
He expressed the hope that he would come to China a-gain.他表达了他要再来中国的希望。(从句是hope的具体内容)
(3)根据引导词来区别。
如果引导从句的词为when，where，why或者how，而其前面的名词又分别表示时间、地点、原因或方式方法等意义，则它们为关系副词，引导的是定语从句。例如：
I’ll never forget the day when I saw the Great Wall.我永远不会忘记我见到长城的那一天。
This is the room where Lu Xun once lived.这是鲁迅曾住过的屋子。
而这些连接副词与前面的名词意义不相关时，这些词便是连接副词，引导同位语从句前面的名词往往也是idea，truth，news等。例如：
The question when we will start the work is not decided.我们何时开始工作的问题尚未决定。
You have no idea how worried I was.你不知道我是多么担心。
复合句中同位语从句的用法6
一、意义的不同
同位语从句是用于说明所修饰名词的具体内容的，它与被修饰词语通常可以划等号;而定语从句是限制所修饰名词的，它的作用是将所修饰的名词与其他类似的东西区别开来。如：
We are glad at the news that he will come. 听到他要来这个消息我们很高兴。(news的内容就是that he will come，故that引导的是同位语从句)
We are glad at the news that he told us. 听到他告诉我们的这个消息我们很高兴。(that从句是限制the news的内容的，即我们高兴只是因为他告诉的这个news而不是其他的news，故that从句为定语从句)
二、引导词的不同
what, how, if, whatever 等可引导名词性从句，但不引导定语从句。
三、引导词的功能上的不同
that引导同位语从句时，它不充当句子成分，而引导定语从句时，它作为关系代词，要么充当定语从句的主语，要么充当定语从句的宾语。如上例 that he told us中的.that就充当told的宾语。
四、被修饰词语的区别
同位语从句所修饰的名词比较有限，通常有hope, wish, idea, news, fact, promise, opinion, suggestion, truth等，而定语从句所修饰的名词则非常广泛。 另外，when和where 引导定语从句时，通常只修饰表示时间和地点的名词，而它们引导同位语从句时却不一定;又如why引导定语从句，它通常只修饰名词the reason，而它引导同位语从句时则不一定。如：
I have no idea when they will come . 我不知道他们什么时候来。(同位语从句)
I’ll never forget the days when I lived there.. 我永远不会忘记我住在那儿的日子。(定语从句)
We don’t understand the problem why this is the best choice. 我们不明白这个问题，为什么这是最好的选择。(同位语从句 )
The reason why he didn’t come to the meeting is that he is ill. 他未能来开会，原因是他生病了。(定语从句)
同位语从句与定语从句的的语法区别
1.意义的不同同位语从句是用于说明所修饰名词的具体内容的，它与被修饰词语通常可以划等号;而定语从句是限制所修饰名词的，它的作用是将所修饰的名词与其他类似的东西区别开来：We are glad at the news that he will come. 听到他要来这个消息我们很高兴。(news的内容就是that he will come，故that引导的是同位语从句)We are glad at the news that he told us. 听到他告诉我们的这个消息我们很高兴。(that从句是限制the news的内容的，即我们高兴只是因为他告诉的这个news而不是其他的news，故that从句为定语从句)
2.引导词的不同what, how, if, whatever 等可引导名词性从句，但不引导定语从句。
3.引导词的功能上的不同that引导同位语从句时，它不充当句子成分，而引导定语从句时，它作为关系代词，要么充当定语从句的主语，要么充当定语从句的宾语。如上例 that he told us中的that就充当told的宾语。
4.被修饰词语的区别同位语从句所修饰的名词比较有限，通常有hope, wish, idea, news, fact, promise, opinion, suggestion, truth等，而定语从句所修饰的名词则非常广泛。 另外，when和where 引导定语从句时，通常只修饰表示时间和地点的名词，而它们引导同位语从句时却不一定;又如why引导定语从句，它通常只修饰名词the reason，而它引导同位语从句时则不一定：I have no idea when they will come . 我不知道他们什么时候来。(同位语从句)I’ll never forget the days when I lived there. 我永远不会忘记我住在那儿的日子。(定语从句)
复合句中同位语从句的用法7
之所以会有该两者直接比较的出现，在于我们平时做题的过程中或多或少的出现过同位语与定语从句混淆的情况。原因在哪里呢？大部分情况在于that。
1.从that的.不同来分析（注意比较）
1.1当that作为关系代词时，引导定语从句，在句子中充当主语，宾语等相应成分。并且充当宾语还可以省略。
A.I almost have no magic imagination that this fiction brought to me.
我几乎没有这部小说带给我的奇幻想象。（that在从句中作brought的宾语，充当成分，不能省略）
B.At the first day, I booked a kind of magazine that Tom had recommended to me.
在第一天，我预定了一种汤姆推荐给我的杂志。（that 充当从句谓语动词的宾语，代替magazine）
1.2当that引导同位语从句时，作为连词的作用，也就是说没有实际意义，当然了连词是不可以省略的。
A.The entertainment news came to me that two film stars hadbecome couples.
我得知了这则娱乐新闻，两个电影明星成为了情侣。（该句中的that没有实际意义，不充当成分）
B.The fact can`t be accepted by the fans that we lost the swimming game .
这个事实不能被粉丝所接受，我们输掉了游泳比赛。（that作为连词）
2.根据一些名词来判断
A.The information that he will come back home is surprising.
他要回家的消息是令人惊讶的.（information这类词）
B.I got an idea that you were no there.
我察觉到了你没有在那儿。
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