深度解构地道雅思英语写作技巧
第一部分：雅思考官是用什么方法论证自己的观点的？
在剑桥范文里面抽出两例加以展示：
剑8 test 1
论证“学校是帮助学生成为a good member of society的地方”：At school, children will experience working and living with people from a whole variety of backgrounds from the wider society（具体内容：学校意味着与不同背景的人生活学习）。 This experience should teach them how to co-operate with each other and how to contribute to life of their community（结果：学会如何合作以及贡献社会）。
剑9 test 3
论证“让运动普及的方法”：Physical activity could be encouragedrelatively cheaply, for example by installing exercise equipment in parks, as my local councils has done（具体做法：在公园修建体育设施）。 This has the added benefit that parents and children often use them together just for fun, which develops a positiveattitude to exercise at an early age（结果：1.父母小孩经常玩乐2.较早培养对锻炼的积极态度。）
可见，“具体化+结果”是雅思考官非常喜欢的论证方法，我们可尝试模仿。
第二部分：内部逻辑关系建立起来了，外在怎么连接起来？
既然“具体化+结果”，必然有因果的连接词。除了because, so，还有没有其他连接方式表因果？回过头来再读一读上面的两段剑桥范文：
第一段发现：通过介词短语（At school）引出具体内容，再通过This承前启后，引出结果。
第二段发现了两种方式引出结果：1. this has the added benefit that+句子（of+名词短语）2. Which引导的非限定性定语从句。
第三部分：怎样具体操作？
之后结合这这几个形式上的.连接方式与内在“具体化+结果”的思维方法，来试一道教育类题目：
In some countries young people are encouraged to work or travel for a year between finishing high school and starting university studies.
Discuss the advantages and disadvantages for young people who decide to do this.
看完题目，正常情况下，许多同学能回答的是零碎的观点和信息。有了“具体化+结果”的具体指导，就会清楚规整很多。比如说：
间隔年
1.
例子：了解不同文化，比如英国人和阿拉伯人会有不同的时间观念。
结果：拓展了视野，变得更包容。
还比如：
2.
例子：做一份有热情的短期工作，比如志愿者或助理工作。
结果：积攒了工作经验和能思考自己的兴趣、目标所在。
或者：
3.
例子：学会了如何克服困难挑战，比如赚钱谋生，兼顾好生活各方面。
结果：变得心智成熟。
第四部分：怎样地道表达？
但有的同学发现英文表达不出来，或者缺乏准确地道。我们可以看看老外是怎么表达的，但是网上的信息浩如烟海，找到了文章，也难以找到我想要的具体表达。这该怎么办？
在这里介绍一个方法：把上面的内容，精炼成简单的话，越简单也好，如下：
1. 文化2. 工作经验 3. 独立生活。接下来在google上搜索“gap year+culture”或者“gap year+ culture”，相关的文章就会出现很多。再带着找“例子”和“好处”的目标去搜索定位相关的段落和句子。按照这样方法，我很快找到了有关gap year的具体例子及好处，如下：
source: University of Toronto
http://graduationandbeyond.utoronto.ca/stories/should_you_take_a_gap_year_/
接下来，你要做的不是全盘使用老外的表达，而是在自己已有观点及尝试翻译后的基础上，发现外国人的不同表达并做记录。实在没有观点，则可作观点补充之用。
结合网站搜集的地道表达，按照“具体+结果”的思路于是变成了：
1. 文化
例子： explore different cultures, customs and beliefs throughtraveling. For example, British and Arabian peoplehave different attitudes towards time.
结果： expand one’s horizons.
2. 工作
例子：try an internship or a short term placement in a particular job that may arouse their passion.
结果： reflect on their interests and goals
3. 独立生活
例子：learn how to cope with challenges which they have not encountered in the academic environment， such as making a living and juggling different tasks in daily lives
结果：become more emotionally mature
再借鉴之前总结的一些因果连接词，很自然地就变成了如下段落：
Firstly, in a gap year, these young people may explore different cultures, customs and beliefs throughtraveling. For example, British and Arabian peoplehave different attitudes towards time.This will help them expand horizons and embrace different ideas. Secondly, they are very likely totry an internship or a short-term placement in a particularjob that may arouse their passion. This has the added benefit of reflecting on their interests and goals. Last but not least, Taking a year off provides young people with the opportunities to learn how to cope with challenges which they have not encountered in the academic environment，such as making a living and juggling different tasks in daily lives. As a result, they will become more emotionally mature.
第五部分：怎样短时间内做到将雅思写作话题全面覆盖？
需要提醒的是以上展示的只是解构外国人写作的一种方法，有效的论证搭配方法远不止“具体+结果”一种， 雅思写作的话题远不止间隔年。所以在该方法的试用下，有很多的内容可挖出来，鉴于篇幅考虑，就不一一展开。
用以上方法可，有在较短时间攻克大作文600多道题目。举个例子，把现象提炼成本质的观点来准备：文化，工作，独立生活的好处、坏处等，就能做到以不变应万变。如旅游题目可联系文化，建筑题目跟文化相关，还比如刚写的间隔年等等。总之题目的具体表象是不同的，但是概念是不变的。
尝试按照上面的方法做以下的题目，你是否发现了共性？
1. Today, more and more full time university students focus on other activities rather than spend a lot of time studying. Some people think it is essential for university students to be involved in other activities. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
2. It is better for students to live away from home while studying at university than living with parents. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
3. Some people believe that studying at university or college is the best route to a successful career, while others believe that it is better to get a job straight after school. Discuss both views and give your opinion.
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